It's time to get honest about homelessness
The headlines last week were filled with stories of police removing homeless camps in Edmonton. These stories always catch my attention because I spent ten years helping the homeless. It began with volunteering at the local soup kitchen to becoming an intake worker at a day program. From there I took another job working with a team to help the hardest to house stabilize their personal chaos in order to get and maintain housing. They had to earn their housing making move in day an incredible celebration.
Years later as a landlord, I accepted a number of tenants from the housing first program. Mostly because I truly wanted to help, but also because I didn’t believe the housing first program worked and wanted to be proven wrong. I wasn’t.
Homelessness is both very emotional and very political. The demand for ‘government to do something’ is huge, and we have to look at it objectively. How many homeless people and how many dollars spent provides part of the picture but not the whole picture. The inhumane living conditions within the encampment as well as the effect on the community can be devastating. So, let’s start there.
Leading up to the removals, several reports of sexual assaults within these encampments were responded to. Police have also found people dead either from overdoses or because they had been burned alive. There was no suggestion anyone tried to help the victims or that those fires were accidental. There were also no bathrooms, no real social order; use your imagination.
Global News reported that 100 people were affected by the removal of these eight ‘high-risk’ encampments. From just one, sixty weapons were removed, everything from pocket knives to machetes to brass knuckles. Add to that, over 2,000 needles were collected overall. Think about that. One hundred people, very likely all of them armed, with an average of 20 needles each which represents a lot of drugs. When police arrived, they would have to watch for trip wires and other types of traps. The amount of waste removed from those encampments was 50,000kg, that’s over 110,000 pounds (I had to read that a few times, too).
We’re not talking about a bunch of folks down on their luck in a communal camp trying to get by. These are people, men and women, human beings, in 24/7 survival mode, while simultaneously dealing with whatever emotional or mental health issues they have, armed with weapons, higher than kites on whatever they can get their hands on.
Overdose calls to EMS in Alberta last year was up 44% from the year before and that’s after doubling in some places the year before that. Last year also saw a 25% increase in death from overdose just in Edmonton alone. Communities all over the province are suffering and people are dying. Crime rates are up, Albertans have never felt so unsafe, yet our jails aren’t full.
Nothing about this suggests harm has been reduced. As a consequence, crimes against residents and businesses have increased exponentially as well. Those living and working in the communities where these encampments were located have every legitimate reason to not want them there.
The Edmonton Journal reported the NiGinan Housing project, formerly the Sands Hotel, received $3million for 100 emergency shelter spaces. With 87 available, they were at half capacity. The Enoch Cree Nation received $2.3million to cover 100 emergency spaces at the former Coliseum Inn. These are just two of many shelters. Don’t forget all the government funding (taxpayer funding) that goes toward all the other shelters and programs in Edmonton, Calgary, and across the province. Police said there are enough shelter spaces for those who were living in these encampments and I believe that to be true.
This very much reminds me of our healthcare system. Buckets of cash are being poured in yet the problem has only gotten worse. Minister Nixon announced another $10million as Mayor Sohi decides he’s going to declare some sort of state of emergency from his vacation in Hawaii.
It is past time to get brutally honest about the situation and all involved. First, there is no way to end homelessness entirely so just forget about that. There will always be those who choose to live outside of society’s norms. Those folks also tend to stick to themselves and aren’t the ones wreaking all the havoc. As for the others, we can implement a three-step program.
Step 1- Has two parts
a) Shelter to treatment
People are choosing to stay outside in extreme weather rather than inside a shelter. There must be a reason so there needs to be some sort of audit done at these shelters to find out why. Once that’s been remedied, those who use the shelters around the province should be strongly encouraged to take advantage of further help. Open communication between the shelters and treatment centers is a must, with proper transportation provided when the person is ready and a bed available.
b) Jail to home/treatment
If someone breaks the law, they go to jail. This is not rocket science. Once time is served, they can either go home or to a treatment center. If that person does not turn their life around and gets in trouble again, the jail time gets longer with no parole. Once time is served, the option of treatment or home is offered again. If that person finds themselves guilty before a judge for a third time, they will now be in jail for a real long time.
Step 2- Treatment
Millions of dollars are currently being spent building treatment centers on reserves and there are several others around the province. I sincerely hope they are utilized to capacity and that it isn’t some stupid 21-day program. It needs to be 12 months with tangible help to deal with addiction, manage mental health issues, along with learning healthy life skills. It sounds simple, but it isn’t. For someone accustomed to stealing food while fighting the voices in their head, it’s quite the game of mental gymnastics to walk into a grocery store not only to buy groceries but budget for them beforehand.
Step 3- Housing/Employment/Schooling
Governments make awful landlords so building more ‘social housing’ or low-income housing is a terrible idea. Instead, treatment centers should work closely with their pre-grads to set them up for success upon graduation. Part of that is learning how to find somewhere to live as well as how to be a good tenant and neighbor.
If that person would like to go back to their home reserve, and it’s determined that will not impede their progress, communication with the band is critical. How can they welcome the graduate home and provide the support he/she needs otherwise?
If the graduate does not have a home reserve or has another community in mind where they would like to start fresh, connections need to be made for housing possibilities and follow up programs there. This provides as smooth a transition as possible to support that persons’ plans for either getting a job or furthering his/her education to get a job. Sitting at home doing nothing is not an option. For those whose mental health issues make holding a job challenging, there are opportunities to explore for them as well.
Think of the transformation that could happen. In one year, if even some of those who are our most broken take the help to get themselves out of that situation, they now have a hope and a future. Within two years that same person could be much healthier and part of making the community better rather than worse.
Let’s also be honest and admit not everyone will accept the help. That is just a reality. Of those who do, some may not make it through treatment the first time around. It’s not easy facing our demons. They may not make it the second time either, but that’s no reason to give up on them.
Many will chime in and say we have this now. No, we don’t. If we did, we wouldn’t have the problems we do. The illusion is there that these supports and programs exist, but the reality of what’s happening reveals otherwise. The system is broken.
The plan I have laid out is obviously very simplified. There would be a lot of moving parts to ensure everything required is in place and outcomes carefully measured. Very likely the first measurable outcome will be seen in our communities. Are they cleaner, safer, more welcoming? Yes? Great! Are there less homeless and more people living healthy productive lives? Yes? Mission accomplished.
It will take a lot of work to turn this around and some won’t be happy about it, but it can be done and everyone will benefit. Especially those who are living outside right now.